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You nee Yes i h Is ther Not tes It says Specifically this option 'bind's all operations and sets the systemdict to readonly. Note that by "library files" here we mean all the files identified using the search rule under " How Ghostscript finds files " above: Ghostscript's own initialization files, fonts, and files named on the command line.
This means that -p can do the job of both -d and -s. Broadly, only use -p if you cannot set what you want using -s or -d. Also, internally, after setting an parameter with -p we perform an initgraphics operation. This is required to allow changes in parameters such as HWResolution to take effect. This means that attempting to use -p other than at the start of a page is liable to give unexpected results.
However, device parameters set this way PageSize , Margins , etc. As noted above, -d and -s define initial values for PostScript names. Some of these names are parameters that control the interpreter or the graphics engine. Otherwise, images are rendered using the nearest neighbour scaling Bresenham's line algorithm through the image, plotting the closest texture coord at each pixel. When downscaling this results in some source pixels not appearing at all in the destination.
When upscaling, each source pixels will cover at least one destination pixel. This allows for a performance vs. Every source pixel will contribute partially to the destination pixels.
Computationally, image interpolation is much more demanding than without interpolation lots of floating point muliplies and adds for every output pixel vs simple integer additions, subtractions, and shifts. In all but special cases image interpolation uses a Mitchell filter function to scale the contributions for each output pixel.
When upscaling, every output pixel ends up being the weighted sum of 16 input pixels, When downscaling more source pixels will contribute to the interpolated pixels. Every source pixel has some effect on the output pixels. Note that because of the way antialiasing blends the edges of shapes into the background when they are drawn some files that rely on joining separate filled polygons together to cover an area may not render as expected with GraphicsAlphaBits at 2 or 4.
Further note; because this feature relies upon rendering the input it is incompatible, and will generate an error on attempted use, with any of the vector output devices. PCL andPostScript cannot be handled in ths way, and so all the pages must be interpreted. Pages are scaled to fit the requested number horizontally and vertically, maintaining the aspect ratio. If the scaling selected for fitting the nested pages leaves space horizontally on the master page, the blank area will be added to the left and right of the entire row of nested pages.
If the fit results in vertical space, the blank area will be added above and below all of the rows. If there are any nested pages on the master page, the partially filled master page will be output.
Printer devices typically reallocate their memory whenever the transparency use of a page changes from one page having transparency, to the next page not having transparency, or vice versa. This would cause problems with Nup, possibly leading to lost or corrupt pages in the output. To avoid this, the Nup device changes the parameters of the page to always set the PageUsesTransparency flag. While this should be entirely transparent for the user and not cause extra transparency blending operations during the standard rendering processes for most devices, it may cause devices to use the clist rather than PageMode.
Useful only for compatibility with Adobe printers for loading some obsolete fonts. This may be useful in environments without a file system. This may be useful for debugging. This may be needed if the platform fonts look undesirably different from the scalable fonts. This may be needed to ensure consistent rendering on the platforms with different fonts, for instance, during regression testing. Specifies alternate name or names for the Fontmap file. Note that the names are separated by " : " on Unix systems, by " ; " on MS Windows systems, and by " , " on VMS systems, just as for search paths.
Also, in this case, the font returned by findfont is the actual font named fontname , not a copy of the font with its FontName changed to the requested one. The font specified fontname will be embedded instead, limiting all future users of the document to the same approximate rendering.
The value is platform dependent. It must end with a directory separator. Adobe specifies GenericResourceDir to be an absolute path to a single resource directory. Ghostscript instead maintains multiple resource directories and uses an extended method for finding resources, which is explained in "Finding PostScript Level 2 resources".
Due to the extended search method, Ghostscript uses GenericResourceDir only as a default directory for resources being not installed. Therefore GenericResourceDir may be considered as a place where new resources to be installed. The default implementation of the function ResourceFileName uses GenericResourceDir when 1 it is an absolute path, or 2 the resource file is absent.
The extended search method does not call ResourceFileName. Pages can be printed in reverse or normal order, or selected pages, including all even or all odd, and multiple collated copies can be produced. Since pages are saved until the flush command, pages can be printed multiple times, in any order. Note that not all spot color overprint cases can be accurately simulated with a CMYK only device. For example, a case where you have a spot color overprinted with CMYK colors will be indistiguishable from a case where you have spot color equivalent CMYK colorants overprinted with CMYK colors, even though they may need to show significantly different overprint simulations.
If this option is included in the command line, source device color values e. In addition, if the output device color model matches the output intent color model, then the destination ICC profile will be the output intent ICC profile. If there is a mismatch between the device color model and the output intent, the output intent profile will be used as a proofing profile, since that is the intended rendering. It is possible to specify a particular output intent where int is an integer a value of 0 is the same as not specifying a number.
Probing of the output intents for a particular file is possible using extractICCprofiles. Finally, note that the ICC profile member entry is an option in the output intent dictionary.
In these cases, the output intent specifies a registry and a standard profile e. Ghostscript will not make use of these output intents. Instead, if desired, these standard profiles should be used with the commands specified above e. Because its possible as of PDF 2.
Instead this option takes a string, which is first compared against the OutputConditionIdentifier in each OutputIntent in the array. If the OutputConditionIdentifier is not a standard identifier then it should be Custom and the UseOutputIntent string will be matched against the value of the Info key instead.
If the current directory is the first path a test is made for the iccprofiles directory. Next, the remaining paths with the string Resource in it are tested. The prefix up to the path separator character preceding the string Resource, concatenated with the string iccprofiles is used and if this exists, then this path will be used for ICCProfilesDir.
Example usage is: gs This mode should be used with caution, and. Enables access controls on files. Access controls fall into three categories, files from which Ghostscript is permitted to read, ones to which it is permitted to write, and ones over which it has "control" i. These access controls apply to all files accessed via Ghostscript's internal interface to the C library file handling.
Whilst we have taken considerable pains to ensure that all the code we maintain as well as the so called "contrib" devices, that are devices included in our release packages, but not strictly maintained by the Ghostscript development team uses this interface, we have no control over thirdparty code. It relied on restricting the function of setpagedevice to avoid the device code from being manipulated into opening arbitrary files.
The application of the file permissions was done within the internal context of the Postscript interpreter, and some other aspects of the Postscript restrictions were applied in the Postscript environment. With so many of the feature's capabilities relying on the Postscript context and environment, by using other Ghostscript specific features maliciously, the restrictions could be overridden.
Whilst the path storage and application of the permissions is implemented entirely in C, it is still possible for Postscript to add and remove paths from the permissions lists see.
An incompatibility exists between the pre Previously, it was possible to do the equivalent of: save. This is no longer the case. After the call to. As the 9. Path matching is very simple: it is case sensitive, and we do not implement full featured "globbing" or regular expression matching such complexity would significantly and negatively impact performance.
Similarly, you cannot grant permission through one symlink, and then reference a file directly, or through an alternative symlink - again, the matching will fail. This is a change in behaviour compared to the old code which, on Windows, was case in sensitive. This is in recognition of changes in Windows behaviour, in that it now supports although does not enforce case sensitivity. Similarly, paths read during initialisation from Fontmap , cidfmap , and the platform specific font file enumeration e.
It is included for now in case any users find a case where the 9. It means such users can keep working until we have assessed the issue, and distributed a solution. This mode also sets the. Ghostscript attempts to find an optimum balance between speed and memory consumption, but there are some cases in which you may get a very large speedup by telling Ghostscript to use more memory. Please note that this discussion relates to devices which produce a bitmap format as the output.
These parameters have no effect on the vector devices, such as pdfwrite. All devices may use a display list "clist" and use banding when rendering PDF 1. This prevents allocation of excessively large amounts of memory for the transparency buffer stack. The number of threads should generally be set to the number of available processor cores for best throughput.
This can also be useful in processing large documents when using a high-level vector output device like pdfwrite that maintains significant internal state.
For pattern tiles that are very large, Ghostscript uses an internal display list memory based clist , but this can slow things down.
The current default threshold is 8Mb -- pattern tiles larger than this will be cached as clist rather than bitmap tiles. There are several debugging switches that are detected by the interpreter. These switches are available whether or not Ghostscript was built with the DEBUG macro defined to the compiler refer to building a debugging configuration. Previous to 8. Now there are several debugging flags to allow more selective debugging information to be printed containing only what is needed to investigate particular areas.
The -Z and -T switches apply only if the interpreter was built for a debugging configuration. In the table below, the first column is a debugging switch, the second is an equivalent switch if any and the third is its usage.
The following switch affects what is printed, but does not select specific items for printing:. All the short form flags for -Z have an equivalent long form. Future flags may be added with a long form only due to all the short form flags being used already. Visual Trace allows to view internal Ghostscript data in a graphical form while execution of C code. Special instructions to be inserted into C code for generating the output.
Client application rasterizes it into a window. Currently the rasterization is implemented for Windows only, in clients gswin There are two important incompletenesses of the implementation :. The graphical output uses a hardcoded scale. An advanced client would provide a scale option via user interface. Breaks are not implemented in the client. If you need a step-by-step view, you should use an interactive C debugger to delay execution at breakpoints. The table here lists them by name and size.
A guide to international paper sizes can be found at. In this environment, the relevant section of the resource file should look like this:. Please ignore issues about UFST if you haven't got it. Important note: Third-party font renderers may be incompatible with devices that can embed fonts in their output such as pdfwrite , because such renderers may store fonts in a form from which Ghostscript cannot get the necessary information for embedding, for example, the Microtype fonts supplied with the UFST.
Ghostscript can be configured to disable such renderers when such a device is being used. As of Ghostscript version 9. NOTE: With version 9. Both bridges may run together.
There are 2 ways to handle fonts with a third-party font renderer FAPI. Ghostscript searches the specified file names as explained in How Ghostscript finds files. Default values for these arguments are equal to argument names.
Font files, which are being handled with FAPI, may reside in any directory in your hard disk. Paths to them to be specified in FAPIfontmap and with special command line arguments, explained below. The path may be either absolute or relative.
Relative ones are being resolved from the path, which is specified in FAPIconfig file. It may include records of 2 types : general records and FCO records see below. A general record describes a font, which is being rendered with FAPI. They must end with semicolon. Each general record is a pair. The first element of the pair is the font name the name that PostScript documents use to access the font, which may differ from real name of the font which the font file defines.
The second element is a dictionary with entries :. Each record of a group occupy a single line, and contains a number and 1, 2 or 3 names. The number is the font index in the FCO file, the first name is the Postscript font name, the secong is an Encoding resource name, and the third is a decoding resource name.
CID fonts to be listed in another map file. The format is similar to FAPIfontmap , but dictionaries must contain few different entries :.
The last ones defines the configuration for handling resident UFST fonts only. Follow instructions in it. If UFST needs it and the command line argument is not specified, Ghostscript prints a warning and searches plugin file in the current directory.
Some configurations of UFST need a path for finding symbol set files. If UFST needs it and the command line argument is not specified, Ghostscript prints a warning and searches symbol set files in the current directory. Note that UFST and Free Type cannot handle some Ghostscript fonts because they do not include a PostScript interpreter and therefore have stronger restrictions on font formats than Ghostscript itself does - in particular, Type 3 fonts.
Invoking Ghostscript This document describes how to use the command line Ghostscript client. Here are some basic examples. The details of how these work are described below. Help at the command line: gs -h You can get a brief help message by invoking Ghostscript with the -h or -? The message shows for that version of the Ghostscript executable: the version and release information the general format of the command line a few of the most useful options the formats it can interpret the available output devices the search path the bug report address On other systems the executable may have a different name: System Invocation Name Unix gs VMS gs MS Windows 95 and later gswin You can set the output device and process a file from the interactive prompt as well: epson selectdevice myfile.
You can switch devices at any time by using the selectdevice procedure, for instance like one of these: x11alpha selectdevice epson selectdevice Output resolution Some printers can print at several different resolutions, letting you balance resolution against printing speed.
Output to files Ghostscript also allows you to control where it sends its output. For instance, to convert somefile. If you have not already done so, create a local copy of the IceWM system preferences file. Your mileage may vary. Edit your local copy as follows:. If you find yourself unable to use Inkscape functions that require the alt key i. Changing this setting will have the downside of no longer being able to input diacritic and other special characters via keyboard in Xbased applications because both option keys will be changed — see below for a more fine-grained solution.
If you still cannot get it to work you can try using a keyboard mapping file for X11 the environment Inkscape is running in called an xmodmap keyboard modifier map and keymap table. Open a terminal and type. This will create a new text file called ". Xmodmap" in your home directory. The period before the actual file name "Xmodmap" causes the file to stay hidden within the Finder. This defines the left option key as alt within all X11 applications, enabling Alt based shortcuts.
You need to re-start X11 to see the change. You can use an ". Xmodmap" file to switch the behaviors of Control and Command in X11 applications. See above how to create and open the. Xmodmap file. Then paste this inside:. Finally, in X11, make sure that the option "Enable key equivalents in X11" is un checked and restart X For Mac versions 0.
Starting with XQuartz 2. Only, it currently does not know how to deal with vector images so it just captures the screen, i. It will not prevent copying text from OS X to X For other Inkscape commands involving the system clipboards e. The first time you try to launch an Xbased application on OS X Note: To complete the installation of XQuartz, it is required to logout and log back in again or to reboot the system. It is also recommended to reinstall XQuartz after a system upgrade.
When trying to run the newly installed application for the first time on OS X This is a known Xquartz bug: due to the lack of proper support for multiple monitors, opened windows can go off-screen.
To mitigate this problem and find your lost windows you'll be able to see them in the desktop switcher preview screen , you can use the wmctrl utility. The " xwininfo -root -children " command lists all xquartz-managed windows. It'll give you the list of windows with their id, for instance:. The x window is the main inkscape window, and, if you tried to launch the document properties window, a x window is a good fit its id is "0xc". Next, you'll have to move it back to the screen.
N ote that some trial-and-error might be needed to find the correct values in your case. Also, in some conditions, if you try to move a window from a screen onto another screen, xquartz will scale out the first virtual desktop to the size of both monitors while only displaying half of it on the original monitor.
If you're experiencing longer startup times than usual, this is typically caused by Inkscape compiling a list of available fonts. Especially on older systems or on systems that have many fonts installed, this can take up to a few minutes although seconds is much more common. You can recognize this behavior by checking in the Windows task manager: A process called inkscape.
Once the search in the font files is completed, Inkscape will startup as usual. Good news is that this will only happen the first time you launch Inkscape, and efforts to reduce the time required to compile the font list are underway.
Afterwards, Inkscape will re-use the precompiled list, which is valid until you install new fonts or remove existing fonts.
If Inkscape does not seem to be able to start at all on your machine, here are a number of common causes and steps you should try first:. If you cannot solve the problem with the above steps, feel free to make a bug report. However, make sure to include at the very least the following information:. If SVG files are not being opened with Inkscape after installation or stop being opened in Inkscape after installing another application:.
You can find information about how you can help with coding and development on the Develop page on the website. While there is certainly a lot of coding work to be done, there are also a lot of other, non-programming tasks needed to make the project successful. From testing Inkscape , reporting bugs and managing bug reports , to translating Inkscape or translating the website , to simply promoting Inkscape when you have a chance — all these things are vital to the growth and development of Inkscape, and the Inkscape community.
Inkscape prides itself on maintaining a friendly community that is passionate about Inkscape. Each member arrives here with some definite ideas about what would make an excellent SVG editor. When these ideas are discussed and some folks start taking firm positions, it is easy for arguments to get out of hand and become unproductive possibly even driving valuable contributors away from the project.
Since Inkscape developers typically judge by user consensus, an effective way to prove a point is to show a pattern of demand for the change from a range of users, or to demonstrate how your change will satisfy a large number of user requests.
This isn't to say that what the unwashed masses ask for is always correct, but there are generally strong correlations. Remember Inkscape's development slogan, "Patch first, discuss later.
Presenting your ideas as a patch also bypasses the concern that others are going to have to put in the labor to implement the ideas. Inkscape does not yet support all features of SVG, but all files it generates are valid SVG with the partial and temporary exception of flowed text. All standard-conforming SVG renderers show them the same as in Inkscape.
If they do not, it's a bug. If this bug is in Inkscape, we will fix it especially if you help us by reporting it! Other SVG renderers will not understand this, but this is OK because it only affects how the document is edited , not how it looks.
This extra info does not cause problems in SVG-compliant renderers. However, some non-compliant renderers may have trouble with it. So if you need to use a non-compliant renderer, and you're not planning to edit the file in Inkscape anymore, or if you just want to save some space, you can drop or delete this extra info. Or, you can just save as "Plain SVG", which automatically gets rid of this extra info. The only parts of SVG that Inkscape does not support are: one single filter the tiling filter , animation this would need a lot of fundamental changes to the user interface and SVG fonts those will be dropped from SVG 2.
The rest mostly works — Inkscape 0. There is ongoing work to allow Inkscape to better preserve hand-created SVG markup but it is a very difficult task requiring a lot of infrastructure work and will happen very gradually — but help is always appreciated. Most operating systems, these days, and almost all browsers, support SVG, although to varying degrees. So the need for external viewers is lessening, as technology catches up. But if you still need such a viewer, there are a few options left:.
To prepare objects whose size is given in physical units like inches in , millimeters mm or point pt for rendering on your computer screen, Inkscape needs to know the conversion factor from these "real world" units to the purely digital size of a pixel px.
It was basically up to the application to determine something useful and - short of requiring users to measure the actual physical size of one pixel on their monitor - a common approach was to define a "pixel density" of 90 dots per inch DPI , i. Inkscape 0. Recent versions of the CSS specification changed this detail as it turned out to be impractical: conversion factors varied widely across different systems and applications and they often used "arbitrary" fixed conversion factors of their own choice.
To unify behavior, a pixel density of 96 DPI is now the universal standard which is followed by all web browsers and is also part of the upcoming SVG2 standard. While this ensures that your artwork will always look the same, regardless how or where it's shown, it also means that old documents have to be scaled if their size should stay identical:. Functionality to automatically scale your documents to account for the change in document DPI has been added to Inkscape 0.
As not all scaling methods work equally well for all applications, Inkscape gives you three choices, so you can select the method that suits your requirements best:. In many cases, this is simply because the feature in question is not yet implemented, or is being actively worked on.
Please refer to the Walk Thru section for more information's and screenshots. IGS Viewer Key Features Change transparent level for shade-skin Dynamic zooming from toolbox or with mouse 2D view in all 4 sides of 3D object Dynamic rotation by toolbox or with pressing and hold middle mouse button Adding shade of the 3D object and change color of the skin View only wireframe and change color of the lines.
Why do you need a IGS Viewer? When you open 3D object IGS files you need speed and good interface to view every detail in that 3D object. IGS Viewer provides all this features. Rotateing the object allowing you to see every detail in every side of the 3D object. With wireframe and rotateing in the same time you can see all elements that created 3D object as one whole.
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